Kev lag luam nonwovens tau ntsib kev loj hlob sai nyob rau hauv ob peb xyoos xwb, feem ntau yog vim nws cov nqi qis, kev ua tau zoo, kev tsim khoom ceev ceev, thiab kev xaiv ntau yam yooj yim. Cov ntaub ntawv tsis-woven tau dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv tshiab uas cuam tshuam nrog tib neeg lub neej zoo. Tam sim no, chemical fibers suav txog 85% ntawm cov khoom siv fiber ntau siv hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, thaum ntuj fibers tsuas yog 15%.
Nrog rau qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov peev txheej roj av, tib neeg kev txhawj xeeb txog ib puag ncig teeb meem thiab kev thov rau ecological textiles, natural fibers tau muaj nuj nqis rau lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom uas tsis yog-woven los ntawm ntuj fibers yog tam sim no ua ntau thiab nrov. Zoo siab txais tos txhua tus tuaj saib. Tsis tas li ntawd, piv nrog cov tsoos textiles, cov khoom siv tsis-woven tuaj yeem siv cov thev naus laus zis ua ke raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv, thiab muaj qhov yooj yim, yoog raws thiab kev ua haujlwm rau cov fibers ntuj, suav nrog paj rwb, linen thiab viscose. ...Qhov no tuaj yeem hloov pov tseg rau hauv cov khoom muaj nqis, txuag cov peev txheej, thiab tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Nws yog kev huv huv tiag tiag.
1. Hom thiab yam ntxwv ntawm ntuj fibers
Ntuj fibers yog fibers tau ncaj qha los ntawm ntuj2. Feem ntau suav nrog cov nroj tsuag fiber ntau thiab tsiaj fiber ntau. Cog fibers yog cov cellulose ntuj fibers, xws li paj rwb, linen, viscose, txiv maj phaub fiber, thiab lwm yam tsiaj fibers yog natural protein fibers, nrog rau ntau yam tsiaj plaub hau thiab silks.
1.1 Ntuj cog fiber ntau
Cov ntsiab lus cellulose ntawm paj rwb fiber ntau yog li 94%. Cov fiber ntau cross-section yog tsis sib xws lub duav-puab nrog ib kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. Nws ib txwm rotates longitudinally thiab muaj cohesive quab yuam. Paj rwb fiber ntau muaj hygroscopicity zoo, nws lub zog nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntub yog li ntawm 10% siab tshaj qhov uas nyob rau hauv qhuav lub xeev, nws xav tias mos thiab zoo warmth tuav. Daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb hauv cov ntaub tsis-woven yog cov paj rwb absorbent, uas yog tsim los ntawm spunlace technology (spunlace). Cov yam ntxwv ntawm absorbent paj rwb fiber ntau yog: tawv-phooj ywg, zoo txhais tes, zoo thaum tshav kub kub tsis kam, zoo stability, tsis muaj kev tsis haum rau tib neeg cov tawv nqaij, ib txwm biodegradable, thiab haum rau tej yam khoom siv tu cev.
Lub ntsiab ntau yam ntawm hemp fiber nrog ntev 7m-25m thiab fineness 1.33dex-2dte muaj xws li: ramie, hemp, flax, kenaf, jute kenaf, apocynum, thiab lwm yam. Hemp fiber muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm ceev ceev noo noo. nqus thiab diffusion, siab tawg lub zog, siab ntub lub zog, tsis tshua muaj elongation ntawm so, zoo abrasion tsis kam, ya raws permeability, corrosion kuj, bacteriostasis thiab UV tiv thaiv.
Straw yog ib qho pov tseg los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb thiab muaj ntau cov phytonutrients (tseem hu ua PLA). Qhov nruab nrab nitrogen cov ntsiab lus ntawm straw yog {{0}}.6%, phosphorus 0.3%, poov tshuaj 1%, thiab carbon 40% ~ 50%. Rice straw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv nitrogen, phosphorus, thiab poov tshuaj dua li lwm yam straw, thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv qhov chaw rau alleviating poov tshuaj tsis txaus. . PLA non-woven npuag tuaj yeem siv los ua ib qho kev cog qoob loo tsis muaj av. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua lub teeb, nqus thiab khaws cov dej, thiab cov substrate tuaj yeem nqa cov chiv. Tom qab siv, nws tuaj yeem raug degraded los ntawm microbial kev txiav txim thiab rov qab mus rau qhov chaw. Tom qab qhov ntau ntawm lignin thiab cellulose nyob rau hauv lub straw lwj thiab decompose, lawv muaj peev xwm nce av humus thiab txhim kho av tej yam kev mob.
1.2 Natural tsiaj fiber
Wool fiber muaj zoo elasticity, ntuj curl, tag nrho txhais tes xav, muaj zog hygroscopicity, zoo warmth tuav, mos luster, zoo heev dyeability, thiab ib tug tshwj xeeb fluffy xav. Silk fiber yog zoo, mos, du, elastic thiab zoo gloss. Nws muaj lub zog zoo thiab zoo hygroscopicity. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kim heev thiab tam sim no tsis tau siv dav hauv cov ntaub tsis-woven.
2. Ntuj fibers hauv cov ntaub tsis-woven
2.1 Kev kho mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv
Kev kho mob thiab tu cev nonwovens yog cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm "tso pov tseg" hom khoom. Fibers siv hauv kev kho mob suav nrog paj rwb, txhob lo lo ntxhuav, hemp, thiab lwm yam.
2.1.1 Cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov ntaub so ntswg huv
Non-woven npuag siv los npog cov pawm, cov ntaub so ntswg huv, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog cov ntaub tsis-woven nrog qhov hnyav ntawm 15g / m 2 txog 25g / m 2, thiab cov fibers feem ntau yog teem caij ntev los yog randomly. Donghua University siv tshuab paj rwb linters, uas yog hydroentangled thiab ntxiv dag zog raws li nruab nrab absorbent txheej ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg los yog huv si napkins, thiab paj rwb pads yog siv raws li lub absorbent core ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg pov tseg thiab huv si napkins.
2.1.2 phais paj rwb
Fibers thiab fabrics yog siv los ua cov khoom nqus dej hauv ntau txoj hauv kev hauv kev kho mob. Cov paj rwb kho mob tsis yog siv rau kev kho mob nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov khoom siv hauv ntau tsev neeg. Cov paj rwb phais yog siv ncaj qha rau hauv daim ntawv fiber ntau lossis ntxiv nrog cov ntaub tsis-woven. Cov khoom no tuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm gauze, ntaub so ntswg, ntaub qhwv thiab ntaub qhwv uas siv rau lub qhov txhab. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev phais kev nqus hauv chav ua haujlwm thiab chav xa khoom. Ntshav thiab kua hauv lub cev. Yog li ntawd, cov paj rwb phais yuav tsum yog mos, fluffy, hygroscopic, thiab siv tau yooj yim. Feem ntau, paj rwb fiber ntau yog siv los ua lub hauv paus fiber ntau, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau degreased thiab dewaxed, tus nqi nqus dej ntau dua 10 grams, thiab cov xim muaj xim raug tshem tawm los ntawm tshuaj dawb.
2.1.3 Cov ntaub so ntub dej thiab paj rwb ntaub
Cov ntaub ntub dej thiab cov ntaub qhwv paj rwb tau tsuas yog nrov hauv cov nroog loj hauv Suav teb, tab sis twb tau nrov hauv ntau lub tebchaws thoob ntiaj teb. Cov ntaub so yog soaked nyob rau hauv ib tug daws ntawm dej, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab flavoring, ces kaw. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev lag luam zaub mov thiab dej haus thiab kev lag luam tourism thiab kev zoo nkauj. Cosmetic paj rwb pads yog tsuas yog siv rau tus kheej pleev tshem tawm. Ob yam khoom no feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm txoj kev spunlace, thiab cov khoom siv raw yog cov paj rwb fiber ntau thiab viscose fiber ntau.
2.2 Kev kho kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev tsis yog ntaub ntaub
2.2.1 Cov ntaub pua plag thaub qab
Cov ntaub pua plag tsis-woven feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm rab koob punching, thiab ob peb siv stitching thiab lwm txoj kev. Cov ntaub plaub luv luv thiab cov ntaub plaub uas ua rau lub sijhawm ua cov ntaub plaub muaj qhov ntev sib txawv, cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo, thiab tsis zoo spinnability. Cov ntaub pua plag thiab cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm rab koob punched ntaub pua plag tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm rab koob punching thiab stitching txoj kev.
Jute fiber yog tuab thiab tawv, hnav-resistant, muaj zog tawg thiab zoo thermal rwb thaiv tsev zog. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov ntaub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov ntaub pua plag. Lub hauv paus ntaub tuaj yeem yog 100% jute fiber, los yog nws tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog polypropylene fiber ntau tom qab dyeing, lossis txawm tias 100% linen fiber lossis sib xyaw ntawm linen fiber thiab polypropylene fiber.
2.2.2 Ntim hnab
Cov hnab ntim khoom feem ntau yog siv sijhawm luv luv lossis cov khoom siv pov tseg, yog li tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub tsis-woven yog loj. Lub hnab yog mechanically carded, nteg lengthwise, thiab kub dov rau kev txhawb zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, saturated impregnated ntub-ntws tsis-woven fabrics thiab spunlace non-woven fabrics yuav siv tau, thiab cov fibers siv tau yog paj rwb fibers thiab hemp fibers. Cov hnab no muaj lub zog zoo heev thiab ib puag ncig kev sib raug zoo, uas tuaj yeem txo qis ib puag ncig siab ntawm cov hnab yas pov tseg.
2.3 Geotextile
Kwv yees li 70% ntawm geotextiles yog non-woven geotextiles, thiab lawv cov chaw siv xws li kev tsim kho, kev txhim kho lub pas dej, kev kho choj, kev tiv thaiv ntug hiav txwv, kev ua liaj ua teb, thiab kev ua dej tsis zoo, kev tawm tsam, thiab dej hauv tsev. Kev lig kev cai, 90% ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom siv hauv kev tsim geotextile yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws polymer, nrog rau cov khoom siv tsis yog biodegradable xws li polyester thiab polypropylene, thiab copolymer fibers. Nrog rau kev tsis zoo ntawm tib neeg nyob ib puag ncig thiab kev tsis txaus ntawm cov peev txheej roj av, cov khoom siv fiber ntau geotextiles tau txais kev saib xyuas zoo hauv peb lub tebchaws, thiab lawv daim ntawv thov kev lag luam tau txuas ntxiv nthuav dav. Feem ntau yog siv rau kev cog nyom nyom, xuab zeb tswj, nroog ntsuab, qhov chaw tiv thaiv kab nqes, thiab lwm yam.